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Palauan Adjectives

The following is a brief discussion about Palauan adjectives. For a longer exploration, please refer to discussions of state verbs in the Joseph Handbooks. According to the official Lewis Joseph grammar book of Palauan, there are no Palauan parts of speech called adjectives. However, Palauan does, of course, have words used to describe other words. In English, we call these words adjectives. Examples of English adjectives are dangerous, beautiful, and hot.

Palauan Resulting State Verbs

In Palauan, words corresponding to English adjectives are called state verbs. There are several types of Palauan state verbs. The most common are resulting state verbs which occur as a result of a verb. Some examples:

Here is a list of seven random Palauan verbs and their resulting state verbs:

cheleokl, v.r.s.having something stuck in throat; (machine) broken.
a
mla
a
er
a
er
a
a
el
a
See also:
chellungel, v.r.s.carried (off) on the shoulders; carrying someone or something on the shoulders.
a
mla
a
a
See also:
kilngar, v.r.s.sat upon.
a
er
a
See also:
selurech, v.r.s.cleansed or bathed in hot water.
a
mla
a
a
See also:
uldekedek, v.r.s.chased; run after; caught up with; fought.
a
mla
er
e
er
See also:
ulsirs, v.r.s.(money) pawned or pledged; leaned against.
a
mla
mla
a
a
er
a
See also:

 

Palauan Anticipating State Verbs

Anticipating state verbs in Palauan are like resulting state verbs. However, instead of describing the state of something after a verb has modified it, these describe the state of something before a verb is anticipated to modify it. Here's seven random Anticipating State Verbs:

bedechekill, v.a.s.is to be thrown down (in fighting, etc.).
a
el
a
See also:
berekedall, v.a.s.is to be pasted or glued onto; is to be leaned against.
a
el
a
er
See also:
blechall, v.a.s.is to be mixed or dissolved.
See also:
chesuall, v.a.s.(food) is to be stirred so as not to stick to pan.
See also:
denguoll, v.a.s.is to be ridiculed (usually for incest).
See also:
dkisall, v.a.s.is to be placed on slant.
a
el
el
mo
a
e
er
a
See also:
lechuul, v.a.s.is to be advised/warned.
See also:

 

State Verbs with Related Nouns

In English, a common thing to do is to ask 'how XXXX is something,' where XXXX is an adjective. For example, 'how hot is that,' or 'how dangerous is that,' are common English expressions.

This is true in Palauan as well in a form like, 'ng uangarang a kleldelel,' which translates literally perhaps to something like, 'it is like what, its heat,' or figuratively as, 'how hot is it.' The word kleldelel is a possessed noun meaning 'its heat.' See the nouns page for a longer explanation of possessed nouns.

Many of these Palauan nouns have related state verbs which translate to, and are used as, English adjectives. Here is a list of seven random Palauan nouns along with their corresponding state verbs.

Palauan_NounEngish_NounPalauan_AdjEnglish_Adj
bekngiukmold; (food) moldy/mildewed.bekngiukmold; (food) moldy/mildewed.
uloechspear(?).uloech(person) in a hurry to go somewhere.
kelebusjail, prison.kelebusjailed; in jail; (child, etc.) undergoing punishment.
bangikoibutterfly; moth.bangikoiprone to moving from one girlfriend/boyfriend to another.
berechsmell of raw fish.bekeberechsmell of the sea or raw fish.
rekungland crab.bekerekungsmell of crabs (after cooking or eating crabs, etc.).
cherouwhite mushroom; white scar.cherouwhite mushroom; white scar.

Reng Idioms as Adjectives

There are many Palauan expressions which use a state verb to describe the Palauan word reng which means spirit or heart. These are idioms which mean their literal and figurative meanings are not the same. Typically, but not always, the figurative meaning describes an emotion. An example is kesib a reng, which literally means a sweaty heart but figuratively it means to be angry. Here is a list of seven random examples of these reng idioms:

PalauanEnglish
ngodech
er
a
: Palauan of ngodech er a rengul'>
er
a
find something strange, different or suspicious.
milkolk
a
: Palauan of milkolk a rengul'>
a
(person is) stupid.
medemedemek
a
: Palauan of medemedemek a rengul '>
a
kind; generous.
meses
a
: Palauan of meses a rengul'>
a
industrious; diligent.
Dirrengulbai : Palauan of Dirrengulbai'> title of feminine counterpart or assistant to chief in Imeliik.
chelimimii
a
: Palauan of chelimimii a rengul'>
a
sullen; obstinate; uncooperative.
medul
a
: Palauan of medul a rengul'>
a
disgusted with.


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