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Palauan Adjectives

The following is a brief discussion about Palauan adjectives. For a longer exploration, please refer to discussions of state verbs in the Joseph Handbooks. According to the official Lewis Joseph grammar book of Palauan, there are no Palauan parts of speech called adjectives. However, Palauan does, of course, have words used to describe other words. In English, we call these words adjectives. Examples of English adjectives are dangerous, beautiful, and hot.

Palauan Resulting State Verbs

In Palauan, words corresponding to English adjectives are called state verbs. There are several types of Palauan state verbs. The most common are resulting state verbs which occur as a result of a verb. Some examples:

Here is a list of seven random Palauan verbs and their resulting state verbs:

blais, v.r.s.(knife) blunted.
a
mla
a
a
a
See also:
blang, v.r.s.(spear) thrown so that it skips along ground or surface of water.
a
el
oba
el
er
See also:
blarech, v.r.s.be dipped into sauce, etc.
a
mla
a
er
a
See also:
blechit, v.r.s.extracted; extirpated.
a
mla
,
a
a
See also:
iliuch, v.r.s.opened; cut open.
a
mla
el
el
a
a
See also:
telebtib, v.r.s.broken up into small pieces.
a
mla
a
el
mo
See also:
ulekord, v.r.s.completed; perfected.
a
a
a
See also:

 

Palauan Anticipating State Verbs

Anticipating state verbs in Palauan are like resulting state verbs. However, instead of describing the state of something after a verb has modified it, these describe the state of something before a verb is anticipated to modify it. Here's seven random Anticipating State Verbs:

chetuotel, v.a.s.(headware) to be put on; to be inserted or stuck into or onto; to be impaled or plugged in.
a
el
el
a
a
See also:
chimkemkall, v.a.s.is to be covered over with (blanket, clothes, leave, etc.); (forest) choked with vegetation (and difficult to pass through).
a
el
a
er
a
See also:
odngelall, v.a.s.is to be visited.
a
el
a
a
See also:
okngemedall, v.a.s.is to be consumed or used up.
a
el
mo
a
el
kar
a
See also:
otekiall, v.a.s.is to be carried aboard/transported in vehicle.
a
el
er
a
a
er
tir
er
a
er
a
See also:
rsull, v.a.s.is to be pierced, stabbed, injected or inoculated.
See also:
siungall, v.a.s.is to be served; is to be dressed up.
a
a
See also:

 

State Verbs with Related Nouns

In English, a common thing to do is to ask 'how XXXX is something,' where XXXX is an adjective. For example, 'how hot is that,' or 'how dangerous is that,' are common English expressions.

This is true in Palauan as well in a form like, 'ng uangarang a kleldelel,' which translates literally perhaps to something like, 'it is like what, its heat,' or figuratively as, 'how hot is it.' The word kleldelel is a possessed noun meaning 'its heat.' See the nouns page for a longer explanation of possessed nouns.

Many of these Palauan nouns have related state verbs which translate to, and are used as, English adjectives. Here is a list of seven random Palauan nouns along with their corresponding state verbs.

Palauan_NounEngish_NounPalauan_AdjEnglish_Adj
riklbold/violent behavior.meriklbold; violent; restless.
cheolubarnacles.cheolubarnacles.
mekealdhot water; hot drink (esp., coffee).mekealdhot water; hot drink (esp., coffee).
otangcheek.bekotangelhave fat cheeks.
dechuswart; mole.dechusplant in nettle family.
bodechcurved configuration/shape of boat.bodechesausstanding erect/in ramrod fashion; standing with expanded chest.
kelmolmaction of tickling (lightly).mekelmolmticklish; tingling; sensitive.

Reng Idioms as Adjectives

There are many Palauan expressions which use a state verb to describe the Palauan word reng which means spirit or heart. These are idioms which mean their literal and figurative meanings are not the same. Typically, but not always, the figurative meaning describes an emotion. An example is kesib a reng, which literally means a sweaty heart but figuratively it means to be angry. Here is a list of seven random examples of these reng idioms:

PalauanEnglish
diak
a
: Palauan of diak lodengelii a rengul'>
a
(person) unaware of his limitations or overestimates his abilities or overextends himself with committments.
kedidai
a
: Palauan of kedidai a rengul'>
a
stubborn; scornful; condescending.
suebek
a
: Palauan of suebek a rengul'>
a
worried; anxious.
kie
a
: Palauan of kie a rengul '>
kie
a
calm down; stop worrying.
melatk
a
: Palauan of melatk a rengul'>
a
consider someone's feelings.
orrechorech
a
: Palauan of orrechorech a rengul'>
a
extremely angry; wild with anger.
urrengulel : Palauan of urrengulel'> urungulel


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