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Palauan Adjectives

The following is a brief discussion about Palauan adjectives. For a longer exploration, please refer to discussions of state verbs in the Joseph Handbooks. According to the official Lewis Joseph grammar book of Palauan, there are no Palauan parts of speech called adjectives. However, Palauan does, of course, have words used to describe other words. In English, we call these words adjectives. Examples of English adjectives are dangerous, beautiful, and hot.

Palauan Resulting State Verbs

In Palauan, words corresponding to English adjectives are called state verbs. There are several types of Palauan state verbs. The most common are resulting state verbs which occur as a result of a verb. Some examples:

Here is a list of seven random Palauan verbs and their resulting state verbs:

cheltitk, v.r.s.(eye) pierced.
a
a
See also:
rriim, v.r.s.collected or gathered and transported.
a
mla
a
me
ng
a
a
See also:
telecheb, v.r.s.removed; scraped up; cut out; uprooted.
a
el
mla
a
a
a
a
See also:
terrukel, v.r.s.divided into portions.
See also:
ulechem, v.r.s.(fish or tapioca) tied and wrapped.
a
mla
mla
a
a
el
See also:
ulekdereborb, v.r.s.made to sit like a man.
See also:
ulekrames, v.r.s.made far apart.
a
mla
el
a
a
See also:

 

Palauan Anticipating State Verbs

Anticipating state verbs in Palauan are like resulting state verbs. However, instead of describing the state of something after a verb has modified it, these describe the state of something before a verb is anticipated to modify it. Here's seven random Anticipating State Verbs:

bidekill, v.a.s.is to be cast/thrown.
a
el
a
See also:
lecheluchel, v.a.s.is to be sawed.
a
See also:
odermeremall, v.a.s.is to be pushed or forced (under water, into ground, etc.).
See also:
ongemekall, v.a.s.is to be pushed out with effort.
a
er
a
a
See also:
sersall, v.a.s.is to be shaken out.
See also:
tengdall, v.a.s.is to be pricked (from tungd).
a
el
a
er
a
a
See also:

 

State Verbs with Related Nouns

In English, a common thing to do is to ask 'how XXXX is something,' where XXXX is an adjective. For example, 'how hot is that,' or 'how dangerous is that,' are common English expressions.

This is true in Palauan as well in a form like, 'ng uangarang a kleldelel,' which translates literally perhaps to something like, 'it is like what, its heat,' or figuratively as, 'how hot is it.' The word kleldelel is a possessed noun meaning 'its heat.' See the nouns page for a longer explanation of possessed nouns.

Many of these Palauan nouns have related state verbs which translate to, and are used as, English adjectives. Here is a list of seven random Palauan nouns along with their corresponding state verbs.

Palauan_NounEngish_NounPalauan_AdjEnglish_Adj
kobesossea horse.kobesossea horse.
bekngiukmold; (food) moldy/mildewed.bekngiukmold; (food) moldy/mildewed.
baikingdisease; germs.baikingdisease; germs.
chudelgrass.chudelmarijuana.
katuucat.bekekatuusmell of a cat.
ngelloklnodding; dozing (off).olengelloklnod when sleepy; doze off.
chetaubrief rain squall.chetau (skin) dark.

Reng Idioms as Adjectives

There are many Palauan expressions which use a state verb to describe the Palauan word reng which means spirit or heart. These are idioms which mean their literal and figurative meanings are not the same. Typically, but not always, the figurative meaning describes an emotion. An example is kesib a reng, which literally means a sweaty heart but figuratively it means to be angry. Here is a list of seven random examples of these reng idioms:

PalauanEnglish
komeklii
a
: Palauan of komeklii a rengul'>
a
(person) controlling themselves; (person) holding their tongue.
mengurs
er
a
: Palauan of mengurs er a rengul'>
er
a
attract.
olengasech
er
a
: Palauan of olengasech er a rengul'>
er
a
make or get (someone) angry.
meleolt
a
: Palauan of meleolt a rengul'>
a
(person) carefree or nonchalant; (person) not easily disturbed or content to let things happen as they may.
obais
a
: Palauan of obais a rengul'>
a
get fed up with; become unable to cope with.
luut
er
a
: Palauan of luut er a rengul'>
er
a
anything causing one to lose one's resolve.
mengurt
a
: Palauan of mengurt a rengul'>
a
hurt (feelings); make (someone) despair.


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