Quick links:

Palauan Adjectives

The following is a brief discussion about Palauan adjectives. For a longer exploration, please refer to discussions of state verbs in the Joseph Handbooks. According to the official Lewis Joseph grammar book of Palauan, there are no Palauan parts of speech called adjectives. However, Palauan does, of course, have words used to describe other words. In English, we call these words adjectives. Examples of English adjectives are dangerous, beautiful, and hot.

Palauan Resulting State Verbs

In Palauan, words corresponding to English adjectives are called state verbs. There are several types of Palauan state verbs. The most common are resulting state verbs which occur as a result of a verb. Some examples:

Here is a list of seven random Palauan verbs and their resulting state verbs:

blult, v.r.s.turned over/inside out; translated.
a
mla
a
a
a
See also:
kldoked, v.r.s.untied; unfastened.
a
mla
a
a
See also:
klemudel, v.r.s.(hair) cut; (shrubs, etc.) trimmed; (string, etc.) cut.
a
a
mla
a
See also:
klsuul, v.r.s.lied about; misrepresented.
See also:
ulngeasek, v.r.s.controlled, reduced, or limited particular action or behavior; slowed down or did limit conversation.
See also:
urreked, v.r.s.held onto; grasped.
a
mla
a
a
e
a
See also:

 

Palauan Anticipating State Verbs

Anticipating state verbs in Palauan are like resulting state verbs. However, instead of describing the state of something after a verb has modified it, these describe the state of something before a verb is anticipated to modify it. Here's seven random Anticipating State Verbs:

cherdechall, v.a.s.is to be complained about.
a
el
el
a
a
el
See also:
cheterechall, v.a.s.is to be neglected or abused.
See also:
dedesall, v.a.s.(place) is to be cleared.
a
el
mo
a
le
See also:
dekull, v.a.s.is to be buried.
a
el
a
er
er
a
See also:
osechesechall, v.a.s.is to be stuffed into; is to be held in narrow space.
a
el
mo
er
a
el
a
See also:
semesmochel, v.a.s.is to be bidden farewell or given divorce payment; is to be refused gracefully.
See also:
tetongel, v.a.s.is to be torn or shredded.
a
See also:

 

State Verbs with Related Nouns

In English, a common thing to do is to ask 'how XXXX is something,' where XXXX is an adjective. For example, 'how hot is that,' or 'how dangerous is that,' are common English expressions.

This is true in Palauan as well in a form like, 'ng uangarang a kleldelel,' which translates literally perhaps to something like, 'it is like what, its heat,' or figuratively as, 'how hot is it.' The word kleldelel is a possessed noun meaning 'its heat.' See the nouns page for a longer explanation of possessed nouns.

Many of these Palauan nouns have related state verbs which translate to, and are used as, English adjectives. Here is a list of seven random Palauan nouns along with their corresponding state verbs.

Palauan_NounEngish_NounPalauan_AdjEnglish_Adj
chadman; person; human being; living being; someone; somebody; anyone; anybody.chadliver.
otordblunt-headed parrot fish.otordblunt-headed parrot fish.
ngelloklnodding; dozing (off).olengelloklnod when sleepy; doze off.
besokelringworm.besokelringworm.
tengolldownward slope; descent.tengolldownward slope; descent.
rirfallen leaves of kebui.merir(leaves) yellow.
boesgun; blowgun.sekeboesgo shooting a lot; good at shooting.

Reng Idioms as Adjectives

There are many Palauan expressions which use a state verb to describe the Palauan word reng which means spirit or heart. These are idioms which mean their literal and figurative meanings are not the same. Typically, but not always, the figurative meaning describes an emotion. An example is kesib a reng, which literally means a sweaty heart but figuratively it means to be angry. Here is a list of seven random examples of these reng idioms:

PalauanEnglish
tngeklel
a
: Palauan of tngeklel a rengul'>
a
peace offering for someone.
deuil
a
: Palauan of deuil a rengul'>
a
his/her happiness; his/her joy
mesubed
a
: Palauan of mesubed a rengul'>
a
accept; be resigned to; learn a lesson; learn from experience.
ouuchel
er
a
: Palauan of ouuchel er a rengul'>
er
a
regret.
mengedidai
er
a
: Palauan of mengedidai er a rengul '>
er
a
act stubbornly, scornfully or condescendingly.
melemlim
a
: Palauan of melemlim a rengul'>
a
Curious, prying, snoopy, inquisitive, nosy.
klsbengel
a
: Palauan of klsbengel a rengul'>
a
anger.